WELCOME !!

Just a few words to start off, I wouldnt' dare claim credit for ALL the mnemonics on this blog. In fact, a number of the cleverer mnemonics you see either are the good work of other doctors/students or have been shamelessly lifted out of medical books.

If you've got a medical mnemonic gem to contribute, feel free to submit it to dingydingding(at)googlemail(dot)com

Last but not least, please feel free to point out any errors or improvements that can be made in any of the mnemonics!! Otherwise, you can always click on the ad-links too if you wanna do your part =P

Monday, September 1, 2008

Precipitants of hepatic encephalopathy - HEPATICS

this mnemonic's pretty neat... got it from RxPG online and made some changes. enjoy!

Precipitants of Hepatic Encephalopathy - HEPATICS

Haemorrhage in the GI tract
Electrolyte disturbances (incl hypoNa+, hypoK+, hypovolaemia, acid/alkalosis, hypoxia)
Protein in the diet
Azotemia
TIPSS (transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt)
Infection (eg. spontaneous bacterial peritonitis)
Constipation
Sedatives (eg. opiates, benzos)

Inducers 'n' Inhibitors

Drug interactions are a bitch to study =(....

Hepatic enzyme INDUCERS - PC BRAS

Phenytoin
Carbamazepine

Barbiturates
Rifampicin
Alcohol (chronically)
Sulfapyrazine


so that's why they call them inducers......

Hepatic enzyme INHIBITORS - MAGIC VASES

M
acrolides
Azoles (incl metronidazole)
Grapefruit
Isoniazid
C : cimetidine, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin

Valproate
Amiodarone
SSRIs
Esomeprazole
Sulphonamides

note that 'MAGIC VASES' isn't an exhaustive list; majority of drugs are enzyme inhibitors anyways, both pharmacokinetically and pharmacodynamically, rather than inducers

Thursday, August 28, 2008

Causes of False Positive Troponin - PROMPTS

Causes of false +ve Troponin - PROMPTS

Pericarditis
Renal failure
-failure
Myocarditis
Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Sepsis (severe)

Monday, August 25, 2008

Indications for dialysis in ARF - POKEAI

Indications for dialysis - POKEAI (pronounced "POKE-EYE")

Pulmonary oedema (refractory to treatment)
= uraemic pericarditis
K+ > 7.0 mmol/L
Encephalopathy, uraemic
Acidosis (pH <7.2 style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 153, 102);">
I
tching (intractable)


**edit**
another version is MOP-UP (since dialysis is like a spring clean!)

Metabolic acidosis
Oedema, pulmonary
Pericarditis, uraemic

Uraemic encephalopathy
Potassium

Ask your Canto friends what POKEAI means if you don't already know =D

Sunday, August 24, 2008

Causes of Pulmonary Fibrosis - RAbID (lower zones) ; γ-TAPES (upper zones)

I came up with these mnemonics and by my own admission, they're pretty shit 'cos they haven't got the remotest connection with PF

Causes of Pulmonary Fibrosis - RAbID (lower zones) ; γ-TAPES (upper zones)

RA (rheumatoid arthritis)
Ab = Asbestosis
Idiopathic PF
Drugs (AMEN: Amiodarone, Methotrexate, Ergot-derivatives, Nitrofurantoin)

γ = radiation
TB
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Pneumoconioses (excl asbestosis)
Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis
Sarcoidosis




Contraindications to Exercise ECG - JOSHUAA

A number of mnemonics contain the letter "O".... In some instances, it actually is the "O" actually represents the shape of a heart. Refer to this mnemonic below if you don't get what I mean

Contraindications to exercise tolerance testing (aka exercise ECG) - JOSHUAA

J = ignore
-failure (uncontrolled)
STEMI in the last 5/7
Hypertension (uncontrolled)
Unstable Angina
AF, or other arrhythmias (uncontrolled)
Aortic stenosis (severe)

Factors increasing risk of Digoxin toxicity - MCP DUD

Factors increasing risk of Digoxin toxicity - MCP DUD

Magnesium ------- Down
Calcium -.--------- Up
Potassium -------- Down

Contraindications to Thrombolysis - "SIT ON HANDS"

Contraindications to thrombolysis - SIT ON HANDS

Surgery, major and in the last 1 month
Ischaemic stroke in the last 1 year (** I and 1 look similar = easy to remember**)
Trauma, major and in the last 1 month (this includes prolonged/traumatic CPR)

O = Pregnancy (think of the pregnant tummy)
New onset trauma at risk of bleeding

H = Haemorrhagic stroke, if ever & Hypertension (severe)
Allergy/anaphylaxis to previous thrombolysis
Neoplasia of the brain
Dissection of the aorta
exSanguination (active)

I don't think this list is exhaustive, but it should be sufficient to divert all the attention, and not to mention further questioning, onto your unsuspecting clinical partner.