Precipitants of hepatic encephalopathy - HEPATICS

this mnemonic's pretty neat... got it from RxPG online and made some changes. enjoy!

Precipitants of Hepatic Encephalopathy - HEPATICS

Haemorrhage in the GI tract
Electrolyte disturbances (incl hypoNa+, hypoK+, hypovolaemia, acid/alkalosis, hypoxia)
Protein in the diet
Azotemia
TIPSS (transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt)
Infection (eg. spontaneous bacterial peritonitis)
Constipation
Sedatives (eg. opiates, benzos)

Inducers 'n' Inhibitors

Drug interactions are a bitch to study =(....

Hepatic enzyme INDUCERS - PC BRAS

Phenytoin
Carbamazepine

Barbiturates
Rifampicin
Alcohol (chronically)
Sulfapyrazine


so that's why they call them inducers......

Hepatic enzyme INHIBITORS - MAGIC VASES

Macrolides
Azoles (incl metronidazole)
Grapefruit
Isoniazid
C : cimetidine, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin

Valproate
Amiodarone
SSRIs
Esomeprazole
Sulphonamides

note that 'MAGIC VASES' isn't an exhaustive list; majority of drugs are enzyme inhibitors anyways, both pharmacokinetically and pharmacodynamically, rather than inducers

Causes of False Positive Troponin - PROMPTS

Causes of false +ve Troponin - PROMPTS

Pericarditis
Renal failure
-failure
Myocarditis
Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Sepsis (severe)

Indications for dialysis in ARF - POKEAI

Indications for dialysis - POKEAI (pronounced "POKE-EYE")

Pulmonary oedema (refractory to treatment)
= uraemic pericarditis
K+ > 7.0 mmol/L
Encephalopathy, uraemic
Acidosis (pH <7.2 style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 153, 102);">
Itching (intractable)


**edit**
another version is MOP-UP (since dialysis is like a spring clean!)

Metabolic acidosis
Oedema, pulmonary
Pericarditis, uraemic

Uraemic encephalopathy
Potassium

Ask your Canto friends what POKEAI means if you don't already know =D

Causes of Pulmonary Fibrosis - RAbID (lower zones) ; γ-TAPES (upper zones)

I came up with these mnemonics and by my own admission, they're pretty shit 'cos they haven't got the remotest connection with PF

Causes of Pulmonary Fibrosis - RAbID (lower zones) ; γ-TAPES (upper zones)

RA (rheumatoid arthritis)
Ab = Asbestosis
Idiopathic PF
Drugs (AMEN: Amiodarone, Methotrexate, Ergot-derivatives, Nitrofurantoin)

γ = radiation
TB
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Pneumoconioses (excl asbestosis)
Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis
Sarcoidosis

Contraindications to Exercise ECG - JOSHUAA

A number of mnemonics contain the letter "O".... In some instances, it actually is the "O" actually represents the shape of a heart. Refer to this mnemonic below if you don't get what I mean

Contraindications to exercise tolerance testing (aka exercise ECG) - JOSHUAA

J = ignore
-failure (uncontrolled)
STEMI in the last 5/7
Hypertension (uncontrolled)
Unstable Angina
AF, or other arrhythmias (uncontrolled)
Aortic stenosis (severe)

Factors increasing risk of Digoxin toxicity - MCP DUD

Factors increasing risk of Digoxin toxicity - MCP DUD

Magnesium ------- Down
Calcium -.--------- Up
Potassium -------- Down

Contraindications to Thrombolysis - "SIT ON HANDS"

Contraindications to thrombolysis - SIT ON HANDS

Surgery, major and in the last 1 month
Ischaemic stroke in the last 1 year (** I and 1 look similar = easy to remember**)
Trauma, major and in the last 1 month (this includes prolonged/traumatic CPR)

O = Pregnancy (think of the pregnant tummy)
New onset trauma at risk of bleeding

H = Haemorrhagic stroke, if ever & Hypertension (severe)
Allergy/anaphylaxis to previous thrombolysis
Neoplasia of the brain
Dissection of the aorta
exSanguination (active)

I don't think this list is exhaustive, but it should be sufficient to divert all the attention, and not to mention further questioning, onto your unsuspecting clinical partner.